Deviance in Sports Practice Test

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• How do ethical codes for coaches influence deviance in sport?
• When athletes collectively dedicate themselves to a goal and willingly endure pain and make sacrifices to achieve it, they often create a social world in which
• The pattern of substance use in athletes is attributed to which principal cause?
• Which advanced technique is mentioned as part of doping detection alongside urine and blood tests?
• Research on normative overconformity suggests that understanding this form of deviance requires examining the organization and dynamics of which cultures?
• How is deviance defined in the context of sport, and how does it differ from rule-bending?
• What legal consequences can hazing carry?
• Which methodological approach involves studying social and cultural factors in sport contexts through observation and participation?
• Why is gambling involvement by players considered deviant in sport?
• What is a common outcome of whistleblowing in sports organizations?
• Distinguish between formal rule violations and unethical behavior that may not violate written rules.
• Why is the term "integrity" central to sport deviance discussions?
• What role does governance reform play in preventing sport deviance?
• How can race influence deviance and its sanctioning in sport?
• How can whistleblowing help combat sport deviances?
• According to functionalist theory, deviance in sport is a normal part of society that helps clarify norms and reinforce values.
• Which future policy direction could strengthen integrity in sport?
• What is point shaving and in which sport is it most commonly discussed?
• What role do governing bodies play in preventing deviance?
• What does Merton's strain theory say about sport deviancy?
• Which of the following best summarizes the research focus in the field, as described?
• When two college basketball players turn their back to the U.S. flag during the playing of the national anthem, they:
• What is the difference between compliance-based and integrity-based anti-doping policies?
• The constructionist approach to deviance is based on a combination of which theories?
• Which ethical issues are commonly associated with the use of performance-enhancing technologies in sport?
• Which term describes actions that breach explicit rules?
• According to constructionist theory, are norms and deviance socially constructed through interaction?
• Which of the following statements best reflects how deviance in sports is described in relation to the sport ethic?
• What term best describes how media frames incidents to influence public perception of athletes and officials?
• How might doping regulations differentially affect amateur versus professional athletes?
• Distinguish between punitive and restorative sanctions in sport deviance management.
• Which statement best describes gamesmanship vs cheating?
• When there is a collective sense of hubris on a team, it is likely that some athletes will
• What is a broader takeaway from major doping scandals about sport's credibility?
• Research on deviance in sports is limited because it focuses primarily on
• What factor most affects the deterrent value of coaching ethical codes?
• How can sport violence be categorized and what sanctions are typically applied?
• What is the FIFA corruption scandal of the mid-2010s and its implications?
• In high-performance sports, doping is viewed as
• The author describes the cheating scandals in major programs as reflecting four factors, which include
• What best defines deviance in sport?
• Which outcome most directly follows effective whistleblowing in sport organizations?
• Hazings in sports are often confusing because hazing is described as which of the following?
• The author suggests that athletes engage in overconformity in sports because of their desire to
• How does media representation influence perceptions of sport deviance?
• Which enforcement approach is suggested as most effective for reducing deviance in sport?
• How does differential association theory apply to sport deviance?
• What is out-of-competition testing, and why is it important?
• Masking agents are among the broad classes of performance-enhancing substances.
• Which factors contribute to a doping culture in elite sport?
• What research methods are commonly used to study deviance in sport?
• Which statement best describes sanctions for doping and match-fixing?
• Research on sport participation and general delinquency shows that delinquency rates among athletes are which of the following?
• How does gamesmanship differ from cheating in sport?
• Which action would most likely indicate a systemic form of organizational deviance in sport?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a technology that aids detection of deviance in sport?
• Which statement best reflects a holistic approach to preventing deviance in sport?
• The link between gambling on sports and match-fixing is described as which of the following?
• Which of the following is an example of a rehabilitation approach after a doping violation?
• Identify the pairing that represents two common typologies of deviance in sport.
• Which factor can shape how much sanction is considered appropriate for a deviant act in sport?
• How do cultural differences shape definitions of deviance in sport?
• How does 'moral panic' around sports deviance influence policy?
• Which policy element is most closely associated with strong integrity governance and privacy-respecting testing?
• Which statement captures the connection between the sport ethic and athlete behavior?
• From a functionalist perspective, sanctions and reintegration play what role in sport deviance?
• Which three elements must converge according to Routine Activity Theory to produce deviant acts in sports?
• The sport ethic becomes a source of dangerous deviance in sports when
• What is "micro-dosing" or "green doping" in sport?
• The sport ethic is linked to deviance in sports because athletes
• Controlling deviant overconformity in sports requires close examination of which aspect?
• From the material, long-time professionals' desire to stay in their sport is tied to their
• Which option lists the four broad classes of performance-enhancing substances?
• Which option is NOT typically considered an organizational-level strategy to prevent sport deviance?
• Which statement best describes gambling-related corruption in sport?
• When a basketball player dribbles the ball out of bounds during a game, she has:
• What term includes both written laws and unwritten customs and is used to identify deviance?
• A reason that athletes may overconform to the norms of the sport ethic is because they
• How does a 'win-at-all-costs' culture contribute to deviance in sport?
• How do mental health and stress relate to deviant behavior in sport?
• What is point shaving and how does it differ from match-fixing?
• In labeling theory, what is the role of others' reactions?
• Identify two common typologies of deviance in sport.
• In the Armstrong doping case, which organizational factor contributed to the scandal?
• According to the career model, moving from amateur to professional cycling involves training so intense as to cause
• What is a major problem when studying deviance in sports?
• Which statement best describes the role of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) in sport?
• What is match-fixing and why does it threaten sport integrity?
• Which statement best distinguishes on-field violence from off-field violence in sport?
• How can education programs reduce sport deviance?
• Which concept, according to the material, always involves a violation of a law?
• What does the author identify as the most effective way to control cheating, corruption, harassment, and abuse in sports?
• To make changes that would decrease deviant overconformity, sport would have to be organized around a commitment to
• Under absolutist theory, deviance is primarily located in what?
• Which of the following is an off-field violence scenario?
• What role does social control theory play in understanding why some athletes engage in deviance?
• The recommended policy for controlling substance use includes
• The career model argues that cyclists use drugs in order to
• Social processes in elite power and performance sports lead groups of athletes to develop hubris and what consequence?
• What does constructionist theory say about norms and deviance?
• Why is doping considered a public health issue?
• Subcultural theory explains deviance in team sports by which mechanism?
• What are some challenges in measuring the prevalence of deviance in sports?
• Athletes who engage in deviant underconformity are usually punished or cut from teams; athletes who engage in deviant overconformity are
• What influences the negotiation of normative boundaries in constructionist theory?
• How do organizational culture and leadership influence deviance in sport?
• Which outcome is a potential effect of deviance on an athlete's career prospects?
• Which of the following is a typical formal sanction in sport for deviance?
• According to an absolutist approach to studying deviance,
• Which of the following best mitigates risk of deviant behavior in youth sport?
• One consequence of the retirement transition, according to the model, is that athletes find normal life difficult because they are
• Which group is most likely to support anti-doping campaigns led by WADA and USADA?
• What is the difference between formal sanctions and informal sanctions for sport deviance?
• What does labeling theory suggest about athletes who commit deviant acts become stigmatized?
• Controlling deviant overconformity presents a unique challenge because which statement is true?
• Which statement best differentiates rule violation from deviance in sport?
• The athletes most likely to overconform to the norms of the sport ethic are those who see achievements as their only way to get ahead and those who have
• In the context of deviance research, what is a consequence of sport-specific behaviors being acceptable within sport culture but deviant in broader society?
• The best starting point to control substance use in sports is to
• Which best describes the difference between an Adverse Analytical Finding and an Atypical Finding in doping tests?
• Sport programs designed as interventions for at-risk youth are seldom successful because they do what?
• True or false: deviance can involve both underconformity and overconformity to norms in this framework?
• How can fans influence the prevalence of deviance in sport?
• How can education and moral development programs reduce sport deviance?
• What is whistleblowing, and why is it important in sport deviance?
• Why are anti-doping laboratories critical, and what risks exist to their legitimacy?
• How does gendered and racial bias intersect with perceptions of deviance in sport?
• Deviance involving overconformity is generally?
• How do economic incentives contribute to deviance in professional sport?
• What are some contemporary trends in sport deviance research?
• Research on high rates of alcohol use and binge drinking in sports indicates what cultural link?
• How do refereeing bias and officiating errors relate to deviance in sport?
• A common misconception about hazing in sport arises because hazing is which of the following?
• A comprehensive approach to reducing substance use in sports would involve
• How do anti-doping sanctions affect athletes' careers?
• What is match fixing, and how can it manifest in team sport?
• What is moral disengagement, and how does it facilitate sport deviance?
• Which method is commonly used to analyze media coverage of sport deviance and its public narratives?
• Which belief is NOT one of the core norms of the sport ethic?
• Biological passport analytics are used in anti-doping testing to monitor athletes for signs of doping by analyzing biological markers over time. Which choice best captures this idea?
• Which research methods are commonly used to study sport deviance?
• What is fan violence, and what impact does it have on sport?
• Which scenario illustrates moral disengagement facilitating deviance in sport?
• Media coverage usually concludes that deviance in sports results from
• Why is information on institutional corruption in sports scarce according to the material?
• Which statement best describes the distinction between formal norms and informal norms?
• Which element is least likely to be part of a rehabilitation plan after a doping violation?
• An absolutist approach to deviance in sports is based on the assumption that:
• In the context of match-fixing, what is the significance of suspicious communications and relationships?
• What is the primary purpose of sanctions and deterrence in anti-doping policy?
• What is the "athlete-as-ethical-agent" concept?
• If a team tolerates and promotes overconformity, what is a likely consequence for team culture?
• Which statement best illustrates organizational deviance in sport?
• What is a Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE)?
• Anarchy is the social condition that exists when widespread underconformity creates general lawlessness. True or False?
• What is a typical outcome when fan violence escalates in sports?
• How do fans influence sport deviance?
• Which ethical frameworks are used to evaluate deviance in sport?
• Which statements describe two common methods used to detect doping?
• What was the BALCO case, and why is it significant?
• When long-time professionals retire from full-time training and re-enter the ordinary world, they tend to
• Which option best explains why gambling involvement by players is considered deviant?
• Which theory posits that deviant behavior is learned through association with others who approve or engage in it?
• How can cheating and rule-bending be distinguished in football or basketball?
• Athletes today seem to engage in more sport-related deviance than athletes of the past because
• What organizational-level strategies can prevent sport deviance?
• Lance Armstrong's confession to using performance-enhancing substances caused fans to experience what psychological reaction?
• What term refers to rules that govern behavior in social contexts but are not codified as laws?
• It has become difficult to determine what actions are deviant and what actions are accepted parts of athletic training today because:
• In hazing penalties, which factor is most influential?
• Which statement about the role of education in anti-doping is correct?
• Which factor is NOT typically linked to a doping culture?
• Under a constructionist view, deviance is defined as ideas, traits, and actions that?
• What is a typical purpose of sanctions in sport deviance?
• In sport deviance research, ethnography primarily involves which approach?
• Which research theme includes athlete mental health considerations?
• Which description best fits athletes most prone to overconformity?
• The material indicates that research on deviance in sports is guided largely by which focus?
• Which statement reflects the proposed organizational approach to reducing deviant overconformity?
• Calciopoli (2006) illustrated corruption in football governance by:
• Define doping and give two broad categories of substances used.
• How does the use of substances other than doping relate to sport deviance?
• How can technology aid in detecting cheating or deviance in sport?
• Which statement best summarizes how education programs reduce sport deviance?
• Which statement best describes the challenge of cross-context deviance classification?
• What role do coaches play in athlete deviance?
• Doping controls are unlikely to succeed until
• To understand normative overconformity, researchers should examine the organization and dynamics of which sphere?
• Constructionist approach assumes that most ideas, traits, and actions fall into a normally accepted range. True or False?
• According to the absolutist approach, where is deviance located?
• Why is it important for practice exams to include both theory and case-based questions on sport deviance?
• Which outcome is a direct result of punitive sanctions in sport deviance management?
• Which case study illustrates a coordinated doping program within a team culture, leading to outcomes such as lifetime bans and sponsor losses?
• What is moral injury in sport, and how might it relate to deviance?
• Research indicates that athlete delinquency risk, when compared to peers with similar backgrounds, is generally what?
• How does gender influence perceptions of deviance in sport?
• What are major measurement challenges in studying sport deviance?
• The career model implies that moving from amateur to professional status in cycling is associated with
• Which statement about culture and deviance enforcement is most accurate?
• What is bystander intervention and how does it help reduce deviance in sport?
• The overall stance on reducing doping emphasizes addressing
• What is another reason it's difficult to study deviance in sports?
• From an absolutist perspective, deviants are defined by:
• What ethical considerations arise around performance-enhancing technologies in sport?
• What theory explains how athletes may turn to deviance due to unattainable success goals and blocked legitimate means?
• Describe Lance Armstrong’s doping scandal and its impact.
• When athletes collectively overconform to the norms of the sport ethic, they may develop hubris, which leads them to see themselves as separate from and superior to the rest of the community. The hubris
• One reason it's difficult to study deviance in sports is that much of it is grounded in what?
• Deviance involving underconformity consists of ideas, traits, or actions that are subnormal. True or False?
• Hazings laws or policies vary in what ways?
• What do digital detection methods in sport deviance research mainly involve?
• Which theory posits that stronger bonds to family, team, and community reduce deviant behavior?
• How does routine activity theory help explain the occurrence of deviant acts in sport?
• What is WADA's primary role in anti-doping efforts?
• Which statement best reflects how the factors contributing to cheating scandals are presented?
• What is the role of media in shaping public perceptions of sport deviance?
• What is institutional corruption in sport?
• On-the-field deviance such as cheating and dirty play are
• Gambling on sports is connected with which issue, as described in research and media reports?
• After reviewing research on academic cheating, the author notes that rates of cheating among athletes have which status?
• How can deviance affect an athlete's identity and self-perception?
• Which approach treats deviance as a property of the person who engages in it?
• Historical data suggests that most substance use and abuse among athletes is due to which factor?
• What is a characteristic outcome of hubris within a sports team?
• Which of the following are common indicators of match-fixing?
• Why is winning important to long-time professional athletes?
• Which of the following exemplifies hazing and why is it deviant?
• What is a key idea of subcultural theory in sports?
• What is the effect of ethical leadership on compliance in sport?
• Which description best captures restorative sanctions in sport deviance management?
• How do governing bodies detect match-fixing?
• What defines organizational deviance in sport?
• Data presented in the chapter show that felony rates among NFL players are which of the following compared to comparable men in society?
• What is a typical governance outcome after major corruption scandals in sport?
• Which term describes conformity to sport norms that becomes deviant due to excessive adherence?